XSA: Suffix_adjective_derivative (형용사 파생 접미사)
Definition
XSA refers to a suffix that attaches to a noun or root to form an adjective stem.
Characteristics
- XSA primarily attaches to a noun to indicate a characteristic related to the meaning of the preceding noun or to express a quality typically associated with the noun.
- Examples:
- 저는 피곤해서 쉬고 싶어요: 피곤(fatigue) → 피곤하다(to be tired)
- 기분을 자유롭게 표현해보세요: 자유(freedom) → 자유롭다(to be free)
Boundary cases and clarifications
Differences with related tags
- XSA vs. VA (Adjective, 형용사):
- Adjectives formed with ‘noun + 있다/없다’ have a structure similar to ‘noun + XSA’, but ‘있다/없다’ should be tagged as VA, not XSA.
- Since ‘있다/없다’ are classified as VA in dictionaries, a noun combined with these words should be treated as a compound word rather than a derived form.
- 이 책은 재미있다: 재미(NNG) + 있(VA) + 다(EF)
- 이 음식은 맛없다: 맛(NNG) + 없(VA) + 다(EF)
Special cases
- Parsing approaches for XSA in different contexts:
- While XSA primarily attaches to nouns, it can also attach to roots or determiners to form a adjective. In such cases, there are two possible parsing approaches: (1) Separating XSA for parsing. (2) Not distinguishing XSA and parsing only the VA.
- (1) 가을 날씨가 쌀쌀하다: 쌀쌀(XR) + 하(XSA) + 다(EF)
- (2) 오늘 새로운 사람들을 만났습니다: 새롭(VA) + ㄴ(ETM)
- While XSA primarily attaches to nouns, it can also attach to roots or determiners to form a adjective. In such cases, there are two possible parsing approaches: (1) Separating XSA for parsing. (2) Not distinguishing XSA and parsing only the VA.
Examples
- 가을 날씨가 쌀쌀하다.
- 주말을 행복하게 보냈습니다.
- 비싸지만 유명한 식당에 갔습니다.
- 학생은 학생답게 열심히 공부해야지.
- 경제적으로 부담스러운 가격이네요.