XR: Root (어근)

Definition

XR refers to a root, which serves as the core semantic component of compound and derived words.

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Characteristics

• XR serves as a root that can combine with another root to form a compound word or attach to an affix to create a derived word. Unlike affixes and postpositions, XR can function as an independent lexical unit.
• A common example of XR appears in predicates formed with the structure ‘XR + 하다’.
• XR carries the core meaning of the verb or adjective, while the stem remains unchanged during conjugation.
• Examples:
  • 바람이 참 시원하다.
    • XR: 시원
    • Stem: 시원하
  • 깜짝 놀라 몸을 **움찔했다.
    • XR: 움찔
    • Stem: 움찔하

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Special cases

• Distinction between XR and other lexical categories:
  • Some XR function as specific parts of speech, such as nouns, while others are non-autonomous roots that do not belong to a distinct lexical category.
  • XR that function as nouns can also be tagged as NNG (Noun_common, 보통 명사). However, non-autonomous roots should be tagged only as XR, without overlapping with other tags.
    • 이 상품은 유명(XR/NNG)한 회사에서 만든 것입니다.
    • 비행기는 편리(XR/NNG)하고 빠릅니다.
    • 봄에는 날씨가 따뜻(XR)합니다.

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Examples

• 동북아시아 국가의 음식 문화는 비슷비슷해요.
• 설문조사에서 만족을 택한 사람이 제일 많다.
• 이 행동은 타인에 대한 배려심에서 비롯된 것이다.
• 봄에는 날씨가 따뜻하고, 가을에는 날씨가 쌀쌀하다.